Photosynthetic aliens or humans?

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Ambri

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I've been toying with the idea of creating a character who is either an alien or modified human who is capable of deriving part or all of her "food/ energy" from photosynthesis. Would this be believable/ feasible? I don't have enough of a hard science background to really figure out how long such a person would have to "sunbathe" each day to stay healthy or well fed, or whether such a person would have green skin, whether they'd have to eat regular food in addition to this, or could "tap into" the nutrients of the soil to get minerals, and stuff. Thoughts? Ideas?

Kinda gives a whole new twist to the "green skinned aliens" thing, huh? ;)
 

Julie Worth

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I've been toying with the idea of creating a character who is either an alien or modified human who is capable of deriving part or all of her "food/ energy" from photosynthesis. Would this be believable/ feasible?

It's been done in SF, I'm pretty sure. And there's at least one real animal that can do this--a photosynthetic sea slug.
 

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Regarding the skin colour - chlorophyll's green because it reflects green light and absorbs the rest. There are other chemicals in plants that can absorb light which are different colours - I think. (I'm basing this on vague memories of GCSE and A-Level Biology.) I mean, you get brown and black seaweed. Do a bit of research into photosynthesis before you do anything else. You can always invent a chlorophyll alternative.

Otherwise, looks like an interesting idea, just be aware that it does put limits on your characters if they need sunlight to function - does it mean they have a 'deciduous' or 'hibernation' period? Do they flag without enough sunlight, or can they store up energy? As for water and minerals, that depends on if they have a digestive system or not. Plants get water and minerals through their roots, via osmosis and diffusion. Water is then taken through the plant via tubes called xylem, which open at the end in the leaves to release water (keeping a constant flow of water through the plant called transpiration). Minerals, as well as the sugars created in the plant, are moved around via tubes called phloem. Obviously, if your person has a form of digestive system or blood circulatory system, I would suggest that eating ordinary food would be a good idea. Plus an active, moving body is going to need a hell of a lot more glucose (i.e. sugars, bringing about energy) than a plant. And that's ignoring the potential effects of child-birth.

Still, it sounds like a very interesting idea.
 

Lhun

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While certainly possible, humans have nowhere near the surface to mass ratio to produce any significant portion of their food via photosynthesis. So i'd be pretty pointless. Now, if there's a lot of sun input, and not a lot of energy used, it might make a difference. But we're talking hibernation sleep out in the open in the middle of summer here. Sunlight has an intensity of about 1kW per square meter, measured at a surface perpendicular to the rays. Now, photosynthesis can use around 10% of that, at best. (hard limit)
Which means, that with a surface area of about 2m² (big person), and really great efficiency, sunbathing could generate about 180 calories with an hour of full light. Now, in the Sahara, you could power a sedentary lifestyle with photosynthesis, but anywhere with clouds, or during winter, or where you're not in full sunlight, and it hardly matters.
On another note, photosynthesis could provide calories (starch and sugar) but it can not provide other required substances, so unless there is some really great closed-loop system in the body recycling those, some food would still be required.
As an aside, a person generating all their energy from photosynthesis wouldn't need to breathe. Shouldn't breathe in fact, since exhaling CO² means losing carbon, and photosynthesis can't generate that from nothing.
Alternatively, they could do like plants do, and have two different metabolic processes running, in daylight exhaling net oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide from the air, and without light, exhaling CO² like everything else.

Roots have nothing to do with photosynthesis, they're just big webs which absorb various substances from the ground. No reason why a person or some exotic animal couldn't use them, besides the obvious: those roots need to be in the ground, which gives one the mobility of a tree. But something like a bunch of root-like appendages which are used to absorb various substances from bodies of water would be plausible. Or at least possible.

Skin color would be relatively arbitrary. Whatever portion of light doesn't get absorbed determines colour. Photosynthesis absorbs very narrow lines of radiation so the color still mostly depends on pigment. What part of the light gets actually absorbed is determined by the exact chemical photosynthesis process that takes place (there's more than one possible).
Even white (as in paper-white, not the pinkish skin-white) is theoretically possible, if the photosynthesis works at a very low efficiency, and enough light is still reflected to make it look white. That's counter-productive of course.
 
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Canotila

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Darker pigment would likely be better for a mobile organism. If you look at desert plants with access to plenty of light, even in cold high desert areas, they are often a pale or yellowish green. Plants that grow in darker forest understory, and underwater where light is limited tend to be much darker in pigment. Either from high chlorophyll concentrations or from a different substance like the brown and red algae that was mentioned earlier.

I would go with an organism that could also ingest things in addition to photosynthesizing. It's even necessary for some plants who can't get the minerals they need from the soil.
 

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Perhaps don't have your hybrid human solely depend on photosynthesis for food, since it's clear they could never survive on it. Like, they would still need protein for tissue repair. Maybe have it more as a supplement, like they won't have a need to eat veggies (would be funny if they thought eating veggies was a sort of cannibalism :tongue) and etc.
 

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Perhaps don't have your hybrid human solely depend on photosynthesis for food, since it's clear they could never survive on it. Like, they would still need protein for tissue repair. Maybe have it more as a supplement, like they won't have a need to eat veggies (would be funny if they thought eating veggies was a sort of cannibalism :tongue) and etc.
Oh, wow. That would enrage vegan organizations the world over. What a great damn idea.
 

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Hmmm, upon reading the OP, I thought of Aprilynne Pike's debut novel "Wings". I don't want to spoil the book for those who haven't read it, but from what I remember, her main character (Laurel) has a little bit of this quality (photosynthetic). It wasn't a big factor in the story, but it was simply part of who Laurel was (or what she was).
 

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Colin Harvey also uses the idea of a modified human who can supplement his eating with photosynthesis in his recent book 'Winter Song'
 

shaldna

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Ooh, Ooh, Farscape.

Zaahn was a plant, and she needed light etc to live. And once, she bloomed, it was all a bit chaotic.

Her body structure was plant based too - that is , a seried of fibres rather than bones, so she healed differently than others.

She did eat food though, but I would check her out.
 

Ambri

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Oh, wow. Thanks, guys, for all the replies, especially the bits about science. SPMiller and Lhun--thanks for the reminder of the surface-area-to-mass ratio; that's a rather significant factor I didn't take into consideration! After all, unlike humans, trees can have big ol' crowns/ canopies of leaves . . .

Hey . . . how about photosynthetic HAIR? Then I would have an "excuse" for having a "flower child" with crazy long hair in some wild color . . . it could even change colors with the seasons!

Oh, wow. That would enrage vegan organizations the world over. What a great damn idea.

LOL that would be highly amusing. "Lettuce live; eat beef." ;)
 

Canotila

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Oh, wow. Thanks, guys, for all the replies, especially the bits about science. SPMiller and Lhun--thanks for the reminder of the surface-area-to-mass ratio; that's a rather significant factor I didn't take into consideration! After all, unlike humans, trees can have big ol' crowns/ canopies of leaves . . .

Hey . . . how about photosynthetic HAIR? Then I would have an "excuse" for having a "flower child" with crazy long hair in some wild color . . . it could even change colors with the seasons!



LOL that would be highly amusing. "Lettuce live; eat beef." ;)

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Oh, wow. Thanks, guys, for all the replies, especially the bits about science. SPMiller and Lhun--thanks for the reminder of the surface-area-to-mass ratio; that's a rather significant factor I didn't take into consideration! After all, unlike humans, trees can have big ol' crowns/ canopies of leaves . . .

Hey . . . how about photosynthetic HAIR? Then I would have an "excuse" for having a "flower child" with crazy long hair in some wild color . . . it could even change colors with the seasons!



LOL that would be highly amusing. "Lettuce live; eat beef." ;)


Well, it wouldn't really be "hair"...
 

Ambri

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Well, no, it wouldn't really be "hair" . . . but it would serve a similar look and function. I might end up with a version of this in fantasy rather than SF; maybe a somewhat modified version of wood nyphs or naiads . . .

Does anyone ever wonder how single-sexed fantastical creatures, like naiads, fauns, and centaurs, reproduce? I guess maybe that would account for the centaurs' always running off with human women . . . although the mechanics of such things might make for some awkward scenarios, lol . . .

Am I allowed to derail (or unravel) my own thread? ;)
 

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Well, no, it wouldn't really be "hair" . . . but it would serve a similar look and function. I might end up with a version of this in fantasy rather than SF; maybe a somewhat modified version of wood nyphs or naiads . . .

Does anyone ever wonder how single-sexed fantastical creatures, like naiads, fauns, and centaurs, reproduce? I guess maybe that would account for the centaurs' always running off with human women . . . although the mechanics of such things might make for some awkward scenarios, lol . . .

Am I allowed to derail (or unravel) my own thread? ;)

You could have a two-part organism: a personable part who can go sleep in a shrub-part and get food from the shrub and give the shrub nutrients it lacks. The person part could of course call their in-the-shrub "vegetating" or something. The Shrub would be less articulate, maybe.
 

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Humans have tried it. Check out Inedia/Breatharianism:

Breatharianism is a related concept, in which believers claim food and possibly water are not necessary, and that humans can be sustained solely by prana (the vital life force in Hinduism), or according to some, by the energy in sunlight (according to Ayurveda, sunlight is one of the main sources of prana). The terms breatharianism or inedia may also refer to this philosophy practised as a lifestyle in place of the usual diet.
 

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Poul Anderson did this in his novel "Fire Time". He had a centauroid race whose manes were formed out of a symbiotic plant. They ate normal food most of the time, but the mane plants aided their metabolism and could serve as a substinence-level food in an emergency.
 

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One of Nancy Kress's novels in the Beggars series has the people of near-future earth being converted to be photosynthetic. I'm thinking it happens right at the end of the third one, but not sure. The overall idea was that people hate working, and a group of working people makes a huge ecological footprint, so making sunlight take care of part of their nutritional needs was good for both people and the environment. Also the plant-ified people quit wearing clothes, at least when it wasn't snowing, so that also made there be less working and ecological footprint necessary to produce clothing.
 
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