Can this manuscript be saved?

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Marian Perera

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I'm taking a break from writing so I can edit and revise a manuscript I finished last year, but that got me thinking about an even older manuscript - one with a couple of serious problems. I love the main characters and some aspects of the story, so I'm wondering if there's any way to correct what I see as the concerns.

Here's the backstory. A general once defeated thousands of rebels, killing most and sending the survivors to a prison camp. One year later, his enemies framed him for the murder of a politician's daughter. He was found guilty but given a last-minute reprieve from execution and sentenced to life imprisonment instead (why yes, in the same prison camp, how did you guess?). To make sure he would be no threat to them even if he escaped, his enemies had him injected with a toxin which caused brain damage, and it left him with irreversible amnesia.

Yeah. That's the rub. Amnesia. I'll go into this in more detail in a moment.

The story begins with this guy waking up to find himself in a prison camp. He doesn't know why he's there because he doesn't even know his own name. He does get a clue that he was once a rich person - there are pale marks on his fingers where rings used to be - and because of that, he decides that he's been unfairly imprisoned. A rich man shouldn't have ended up in a place like that. So he sets out to escape, but to do that successfully he'll need help from his fellow prisoners, most of whom seem to hate him for some reason.

The first problem, of course, is the amnesia. The waking up is a cliche, but I can work around that. The amnesia is damn near unavoidable. The general was the kind of ruthless xenophobe who'd have fitted in perfectly with the Nazis, and the rebels were all of a different race from him, so if he had retained his cultural conditioning, it would have taken him the entire book to stop seeing them as subhuman scum. By starting out with a tabula rasa, he had a chance to see them as people instead, and he managed to win the trust of one or two of them - enough to escape the prison camp and work out who had sent him there. That was another reason for the amnesia - the reader could unravel the conspiracy at the same pace as the protagonist did. What I'm concerned about is that amnesia is such a cliche that no one will want the manuscript.

I'm also not certain about the start. Since the protagonist didn't remember his name, I had another character call him an insult in her own language, and that became his name, but it took me about ten pages to work up to this incident in the first draft. I'm wondering if I should just start with something like, "The man who had no name earned one on his first day in the prison camp."

Will elaborate on the second problem later - starting work now.
 
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lkp

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Make him not a ruthless Nazi-like xenophobe. Make him a man who believed what he was doing at the time was right (for good of empire or whatever). That will make him much more compelling and interesting, and will also mean you can get rid of the amnesia. Being in the prison camp will be much more interesting if he knows why he is hated (and also more logical --- if he knows he's hated and why he can protect himself better. The big logical gap in your story for me was how he managed to survive even one day in a prison camp where everyone hated him.) You can still have him take a long time to figure out the conspiracy against him.
 

Marian Perera

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The second problem is that I wanted to tell at least a little of the story from the general's point of view, both to show why the rebels hated him and to explain how he discovered his enemies' conspiracy and how they set him up. And I didn't want the protagonist to regain any memories. So I wrote four chapters set in the past, from the general's point of view. I must have read something about the zipper format, because that's what I was going for here. But now I'm concerned about these, because they're chapter-long interruptions of the main storyline. I think they're suspenseful and as well-written as I could make them, but still, they stop the forward motion of the plot in the present, push the reader into the past and then drag the reader back into the present once each chapter ends.

I may not need to do them if I dispense with the amnesia, though, as lkp suggested.
 

Susan Breen

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I like the idea of losing the amnesia also. There's something about watching a ruthless xenophobe have to change his ways that seems much more compelling to me, and then you could have fun with the character. With amnesia, you're always having to explain why you're using amnesia. Sounds like a good story, though.
 

Raphee

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Amnesia reminds me of, you guessed it, The Bourne Identity.

I don't know if it is such a cliche that it can't be done in a different way. I do like lkp's suggestion.
 

Matera the Mad

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I see some problems with the amnesia idea. You say "if he had retained his cultural conditioning" -- but where do you set the limits?

"He does get a clue that he was once a rich person - there are pale marks on his fingers where rings used to be - and because of that, he decides that he's been unfairly imprisoned. A rich man shouldn't have ended up in a place like that."
-- that is cultural conditioning. If he retains that much of class distinction, I would think he'd be bothered by race too. My credibility scanner would hang.

So permanent amnesia would not work for me. His having to change his beliefs would interest me more. I like the basic idea. His survival in the prison camp would probably hinge on the decency of a few key members of the rebel group.
 

c.e.lawson

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Hi Queen of Swords,

Interesting ideas here. I'm wondering what your point of the story is. What's the main plot/storyline? I think people could help you more if they knew that. I also wonder why you can't simply start the story at the mass rebel killing, then go linearly into the trial and imprisonment. Both of those things sound interesting, and you'd have no back and forth/flashbacks to slow down the forward momentum. Good luck with this. I hope you come out with a good book in the end.

c.e.
 

ReneC

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So far the general consensus is to lose the amnesia. I'll jump on board that idea as well. It would be fascinating to watch the general try to enlist the help of the very people he sentenced to the prison. The general will have the chance to get to know the people and there will be opportunity to change his views. Leave the reader wondering if he's genuinely changed or if he's simply using the prisoners to help him reach his own goals. (Of course, depending on the type of story, it might be required that he genuinely change.) His enemies will still be worried about him getting out, so they can try to have him killed in prison, probably the very reason they framed him to begin with.

Oh, wait, I think I saw this movie.

What parts of the story do you really like? How can you use those parts in a different setting? Or, if you're adamant about the setting, how else can you twist it to make it more interesting and believable?
 

Menyanthana

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Make him not a ruthless Nazi-like xenophobe. Make him a man who believed what he was doing at the time was right (for good of empire or whatever).

The Nazis also believed it was right what they did. There is no difference between a ruthless Nazi-like Xenophobe and a man who believes he is right...the only difference is how you tell it. ;)

The xenophobia is a problem, but he could try to win the trust of some of the rebels in spite of his thinking and then slowly realize that they are people.
 

Marian Perera

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Hi Queen of Swords,

Interesting ideas here. I'm wondering what your point of the story is.

OK, imagine me looking kind of sheepish here.

The manuscript started with the famous Santayana quote, "Those who do not remember the past are compelled to repeat it."

</sheepish>

What's the main plot/storyline? I think people could help you more if they knew that.

The main storyline was that the general... I'll just call him by the name they give him, Stirl... escaped from the prison camp, made it to a city and tried to find out what had happened to him. He discovered that his enemies had a plan to take over the capital city, and that was why they framed him - he had found evidence of their plot, which implicated the legitimate ruler of that city as well. When he arrives in the capital city, that's the catalyst to a lot of events, but he's formed enough alliances among the rebels by then to withstand his enemies' first strike. The story ends with the rebels' takeover of the capital city, and he decides he's going to rule it.

I also wonder why you can't simply start the story at the mass rebel killing, then go linearly into the trial and imprisonment.

That's quite a good idea. I had this knee-jerk reaction to your suggestion when I first read it and thought, No way, mass killing is just so ugly and I'll never be able to gain sympathy for the guy after that. But then I realized, he's a general. Even though this is a medieval land, he's not out there on the battlefield. He can do something refined and cruel in private to the commander of the rebel forces, if they take him or her alive.

Thanks very much, will reply to other people's posts as well soon.
 

Marian Perera

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The xenophobia is a problem, but he could try to win the trust of some of the rebels in spite of his thinking and then slowly realize that they are people.

They're different races, though, and in this world it means they have fangs and claws and other weird physical alterations. Not to mention mental and social variations. But the more I think about, the more I feel I should give this a try.
 

Marian Perera

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I like the idea of losing the amnesia also. There's something about watching a ruthless xenophobe have to change his ways that seems much more compelling to me, and then you could have fun with the character. With amnesia, you're always having to explain why you're using amnesia. Sounds like a good story, though.

Thanks.

I've been thinking this through, wondering if it would be possible to pull this off without the amnesia. It was easier for me to like the guy when he didn't know what he had done and didn't have any preconceived ideas about people of other races, so I assumed the readers would also be more sympathetic than if they knew the guy richly deserved whatever roughing up he got. You do have a point, though, about the evolution of an antagonist being more compelling than someone who starts out as a blank slate.

I'm not sure the romance will be viable if I do this, though. In the story as I'd originally written it, Stirl fell in love with one of the rebels - the one who hated him the most, naturally. The story ended with her coming to trust him and with his realization that he was in love with her, though he hid it and hoped that maybe some day, she'd feel the same way about him. If he started out with all the mental baggage that I lost thanks to the amnesia, it might take him much longer to start to care about her, and I'd really like to keep that "awwww" feeling I had when I wrote the end. It's one more thing for me to think about.
 
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blackpen

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I like the tabula rasa, starting all over again part. It makes a strong statement about cultural conditioning vs. inherent prejudice. I think you have a good storyline.
 

Angelinity

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i don't think cliche is necessarily bad -- just another challenge the writer has to overcome.

i would have the general remember a 'flash', a 'scene' vividly when he comes to. something with a clue burried therein -- have him haunted by this, have him earnestly strive to rediscover who he is becasue of it. there are countless subplots you can devise based on this.

no story can be wasted if only its creator believes in it. it's all n the details.
 

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The biggest problem I have with it is: Why don't the other inmates kill him within a few hours of his arrival? What's stopping them?

Aside from that, amnesia is a very interesting thing, because there is no one memory, but many kinds of memories, often residing in different parts of the brain. (Women's brains, by the way, are less compartmentalized than men's, which is why they recover from strokes faster and better than men.)

For example, there's a specific part of the brain that only remembers faces. Tom Stoppard, the playwrite, has a brain defect that causes him to occasionally lose the ability to recognize faces (and there's no "click" when the ability goes off, so he doesn't know it's happened). From time to time, he'll be in his writing room when a strange woman comes in with a tea set. She immediately sees the confusion on his face and says, "I'm your wife." Stoppard, who doesn't forget that he has this condition, immediately thanks her for clearing that up.

I saw an in-depth report on a teenage girl in Yakima, Washington, who was hit in the head in a public park, and lost all memory of her prior life. She's seen all the family photos and other memorabilia, and accepts that "those people" are her family, but has no recollection of them or the house she grew up in or anything else from her own life.

Interestingly, she did not lose any of her knowledge of Spanish, which she took in high school, nor any of the algebra she learned. Most of her academic memory is completely intact.

And of course, nobody ever forgets how to speak their native tongue, or what a car or a house or a tree is...

There are all kinds of amnesias, and if you research it, I'm sure you'll get all sorts of ideas that will strengthen your story (and possibly provide some good plot points).
 

Menyanthana

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They're different races, though, and in this world it means they have fangs and claws and other weird physical alterations. Not to mention mental and social variations. But the more I think about, the more I feel I should give this a try.

Okay...fangs and claws are a bit more of a problem than just a different skin color. ;)
Especially as even someone with Amnesia would probably remember that claws and fangs are dangerous.
 

Shweta

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If you want to keep the cognitive issues, do look up Oliver Sacks. He has some fascinating case studies on seriously weird things that can happen to people. Try The Man who mistook his wife for a hat. I'm not sure there's amnesia-specific information there, but you'll get a great sense of how odd brain damage can get.

(by the way, if you're interested in the face recognition thing, this is a nice site on it.)

If you want to lose the amnesia, I think you could still manage the love interest, especially if he's denying it to himself majorly at first. People can change a lot over the course of a novel :)

Personally I think the amnesia makes it a bit too easy for him to change; but if you're going for nature vs nurture, it's a fine device.
 

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I like the idea of the xenophobe being forced to work with the people he formerly condemned.

I have to go with the concensus, I think you should lose the amnesia angle. While in another context it might be very interesting, here it doesn't add much, and it has some logical problems. Let's say that the general has it, the first thing he is going to do is ask, "Who am I?". And given that he is in a prison filled with people he put away, that's going to be a pretty easy question to answer. As far as the prison is concerned, he's a celebrity.

You could of course make the general not ask the question, for fear of showing weakness with the other inmates. While that might work, it also adds a complication that seems a little soap opera like, not to mention it locks in your opening to the "and then he woke up" variety. It seems like the chief thing you are trying to get out of the amnesia is making him likable, so how else might we do that?

Make the other races ugly :
I think that we are pretty much conditioned to think of certain races as inherently bad when they occur in a fantasy novel. How many orks were slaughtered in Lord of the Rings? If you focus on his perspective at the beginning I don't think it would be much of a reach for the audience to see him as a heroic figure, desperately battling evil creatures. Make the premise at the beginning seem to be "What if Aragorn had to go to prison for war crimes?" We naturally would feel his incarceration is wrong, that he got screwed over by politics. You can probably cast the people who sent him to prison as being weaselly, politician types, throwing him in prison for selfish reasons.

The guards think he's a hero :
Have the guards tell stories about how much of a legendary soldier he was. They could talk about the time he defended a fort against overwhelming odds etc. Its not that hard to imagine that many of the guards are xenophobes too. This is nice because it explains why no one tries to kill him at first... everyone is worried the guards will take retribution. It also lets you paint him as someone noble... a role model.

The good thing about this is that you can make him from hero to Hitler pretty easily by having the guards be sadistic. The guards look up to him, and talk about him as a great man. Then we see them start to starve the prisoners, beat them, steal from them, etc. Suddenly the general, and the guards aren't in the best light. You also have some great complications when the general starts changing his mind about the evil creatures he used to fight. What are the guards going to do when they find out he's become an ork lover? Now he really needs the support of his former enemies, as the people who helped him out at first are turning against him.




 

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I like starting in prison and later going back to learn about how he got there. I also hate the amnesia, although you never know, a really brilliant writer can pull of even a cliche, but why make your life harder?

I also second the suggestion that although we, and the prisoners, may see him as evil, he should see himself as a patriot, and the prisoners as evil. Learning to see life from their point of view, and understanding that we're all doing our best from our own perspectives, is interesting to me.

And it's all about me.
 

Autodidact

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As for wayndom's question, I would think that they wouldn't know who he was. Like everyone comes into prison an unknown from the others, and only discloses or invents what he wants. All that anyone knows about anyone is that they're in prison for something.
 

Autodidact

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Another amnesia problem. I think many readers (e.g. me) are skeptical about it, so we're looking for medical inaccuracy, so you have to learn all this medical stuff to get it right.
 

icerose

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I might get slaughtered on this one, but I loved the movie.

Mel Gibson's "The Patriot" I think is a good example of someone having done something terrible in their past but being loved as a character.

There are so many ways you could take this, but I think starting out in the prison, and having distant mentions of his past and what he did and so on and so forth and wait until we really care about this guy to mention what he used to be. Dove tail it into the story rather than up front, this man is a monster and did this and this and this, and now he's here on a framed charge.

I like the idea of him being in prision and having been there for a while and show him in this hostile environment with these "monsters" where you then get to really see the whole thing from the ground up.
 

icerose

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Another amnesia problem. I think many readers (e.g. me) are skeptical about it, so we're looking for medical inaccuracy, so you have to learn all this medical stuff to get it right.

Even medical truths and real cases can be too far left field for it to be believed. Like the man impaled with a pipe through his chest, conscious and talking to rescue workers for 2 hours while they freed him, then he turned out just fine.

How many people would be "Yeah right!" I think just about everyone, even though it really did happen. As they say truth is stranger than fiction, so you have to really watch how far you go, even if it's in the medical books.

Or say that five year old who delivered a baby. Medical fact that it happened, documented and everything. Try putting it into a story and have people believe it.

So it's more than just researching it and having all your t's crossed and your i's dotted. It's about how far your audience is willing to go with you.
 

Colin McHale

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Could be a lame idea, but what if he faked having amnesia? Maybe as a way to prevent being torn to pieces by the rebel prisoners. Then again, it could be pretty hard to consistently act like you don't remember anything.

Of course, if he was good at faking the amnesia and it was helping him see eye to eye with the rebels, it could change him as a person.

Keep telling yourself something and you'll eventually start to believe it.
 

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You might check out "American History X," a movie about a white supremacist who goes to prison and has to rethink his prejudice. It's extremely good and might give you some ideas about how to approach your story.

However, I believe the picture is rated X for violence and it does contain the most horrifying murder I've ever seen on film. It's an extremely difficult subject matter and quite painful to watch. One of those movies where afterwards, you wish you could force every bigot in the world to watch it.
 
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