Punctuating a List

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Tish Davidson

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This is really a question for hardcore copy editors or proofreaders, and I am looking for an answer that is congruent with Chicago Style. (Incidentally, whatever happened to reph? She always knew the answer to this type of question) I have referred to the appropriate sections of the Chicago Manual of Style (6.124-6.130) and I still can't figure this out.

According to CMS (6.127) "A vertical list is best introduced by a complete grammatical sentence, followed by a colon. Items carry no closing punctuation unless they consist of complete sentences." [okay, I understand that part]. "If the items are numbered, a period follows the numeral and each item begins with a capital letter." [The implication is that if they are not numbered, they do not begin with a capital letter. Examples using bullets suggest that bullets function the same as numerals with regard to capitalization and end punctuation. There is more to this standard that involves formatting lists, and I understand that]

Then standard 6.129 says "In numbered a vertical list that completes a sentence begun in an introductory element and consists of phrases or sentences with internal punctuation, semicolons may be used between the items, and a period should follow the final item. Each item begins with a lowercase letter. "

My question is what do you put between items in a vertical list that completes a sentence begun in an introductory element and consists of phrases that have NO internal punctuation? Commas? Nothing? Do you put a period after the last item in the list?

The only example (6.127) I can find in CMS that addresses phrases without internal punctuation uses a complete sentence to introduce the list. The phrases then begin with a lower case letter and have no end punctuation. They do not complete the sentence.

Please do not suggest re-writing the text. In this particular case, I'm working for someone else and that isn't an option for certain lists.
 

Duncan J Macdonald

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Vertical List Styles

The closest CMS based style I could find is one from Columbia University for vertical lists. The front matter on their site states:
The following guidelines apply to all projects, both online and print, that originate at Columbia University Digital Knowledge Ventures (DKV) or are produced under DKV auspices, including the Columbia.edu home page. In matters of style, the guide generally follows The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition (CMS), and for spelling relies on Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition.
 

Maryn

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Then standard 6.129 says "In numbered a vertical list that completes a sentence begun in an introductory element and consists of phrases or sentences with internal punctuation, semicolons may be used between the items, and a period should follow the final item. Each item begins with a lowercase letter. "

My question is what do you put between items in a vertical list that completes a sentence begun in an introductory element and consists of phrases that have NO internal punctuation? Commas? Nothing? Do you put a period after the last item in the list?

The only example (6.127) I can find in CMS that addresses phrases without internal punctuation uses a complete sentence to introduce the list. The phrases then begin with a lower case letter and have no end punctuation. They do not complete the sentence.

Please do not suggest re-writing the text. In this particular case, I'm working for someone else and that isn't an option for certain lists.
Amazing, isn't it, how CMS can be so complete yet so often doesn't quite apply to your own writing situation, isn't it?

I have a much older edition of CMS, and it's even less complete. In that case, I'd go with my gut.

If my introductory phrase is an incomplete sentence, with the items completing it requiring no commas within any of the items, I would separate them with commas and put at period after the last item, just as I would if the list were not vertical.

Consider that if you're writing a non-vertical list, you separate the items with semicolons if any or all of the list entries contains a comma, right?

Sara's wish list included
  • shoes, because she had grown so much;
  • socks;
  • Levi's with a longer inseam;
  • and a pony, because her list always included a pony.
That's punctuated exactly the same as it would be if it were not a vertical list but plain old text. Sara's wish list included shoes, because she had grown so much; socks; Levi's with a longer inseam; and a pony, because her list always included a pony.

Based in that, I believe we can assume that the punctuation for a vertical list matches the punctuation for the same text in a non-vertical list. If none of the entries includes a comma, then you'd separate the list items with commas.

All Hank wanted was to go fishing, to catch enough for dinner, to be left alone with his thoughts, and to come home tired but happy.

All Hank wanted was
  • to go fishing,
  • to catch enough for dinner,
  • to be left alone with his thoughts,
  • and to come home tired but happy.


Maryn, who would, of course, bow to anybody whose expertise exceeds her gut
 

Tish Davidson

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Thanks for both comments. My gut said to follow Maryn's example, although she was able to articulate the reason much better than my muddled thoughts did. Often I write for companies that have in-house style guides that follow the Columbia University examples, so punctuation at the end of each
line looks weird to me.
 

pianoman5

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I can't cite any authority for this, but I'd tend to go with the Columbia example.

The purpose of a bulleted list is to quote a number of possibilities that would potentially make a long, clumsy sentence where there are more than about three items. And I think they look much better without the end-of-line punctuation, because the bulleting implicitly supplies it.
 
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