Dialogue tags: How do YOU do it?

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UrsusMinor

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I know the general topic of dialogue tags has been kicked around on this forum many times, and there is probably no issue that can stir such religious fervor in so many writers’ hearts. (“Your character ‘replied’? Die, heretic!”)

I’m not posting this to launch a debate, and don't really need to be lectured 1) that tags aren’t ever necessary because every character’s voice should be instantly identifiable, or 2) that identifier actions are better than tags. (You’re perfectly welcome to tell me that either of these are how you go about it. Just don't think that we've never seen these ideas before.)

There is so much fervor and sniping on this subject that it has piqued my curiosity. Think of this as a survey of sorts: What is your practice, and why?

I’ll start (and then duck to avoid the flying bricks.)


¨ I’ve never had an adverb modify the speech verb. Not even once.

¨ I use ‘said’ for statements, and use it exclusively in the ‘Jack said’ format (as opposed to ‘said Jack’.).

¨ I use ‘asked’ for questions. (Yes, I know some people think it’s redundant following a question mark, but something in me cringes at the idea that someone ‘said’ their question.)

¨ I sometimes interject ‘said’ or ‘asked’ tags even when it is obvious who is speaking, simply for the rhythm of the sentence or paragraph.

¨ On very rare occasions—I’m talking maybe once every hundred pages—I use ‘whispered’, ‘yelled’, or ‘shouted’. But I only use common verbs that literally describe the volume. (There are circumstances where I find this to be the most transparent way of dealing with things, especially when the context of the scene makes the shout or whisper a surprise.)

I almost had someone mutter under his breath once, but I walked away from the keyboard and sat down with a glass of wine until the desire passed. It was touch-and-go for a while, but I knew that if I gave in soon my characters would be 'mumbling' their sentences, and then, god forbid, 'hissing' them, and finally end by 'smiling', 'sneering', and 'frowning' them.

So…how do you do it?
 
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Shadow_Ferret

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I use said, once at the beginning of a dialog just to identify the person speaking and rarely use it again in the same dialog scene.

I used asked and sometimes replied, but again, only at the beginning of the dialog and only to identify the speakers.

My characters have never yelled or shouted or whispered or laughed their dialog. I feel the dialog (and action descriptions) conveys this.

I don't have an aversion to the occasional adverb.
 

CrankItTo11

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UrsusMinor said:
¨ I’ve never had an adverb modify the speech verb. Not even once.

¨ I use ‘said’ for statements, and use it exclusively in the ‘Jack said’ format (as opposed to ‘said Jack’.).

¨ I use ‘asked’ for questions. (Yes, I know some people think it’s redundant following a question mark, but something in me cringes at the idea that someone ‘said’ their question.)

¨ I sometimes interject ‘said’ or ‘asked’ tags even when it is obvious who is speaking, simply for the rhythm of the sentence or paragraph.

¨ On very rare occasions—I’m talking maybe once every hundred pages—I use ‘whispered’, ‘yelled’, or ‘shouted’. But I only use common verbs that literally describe the volume. (There are circumstances where I find this to be the most transparent way of dealing with things, especially when the context of the scene makes the shout or whisper a surprise.)

You and I are on the same page. Exactly.
 

Del

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I can't say I never use tags but mostly I go for the action. As a reader I see each word as an effort and when I read 'he said' when I already know he said I feel like my time has been wasted, especially when it occurs repeatedly throughout. I think identifying actions directly before or after the characters dialogue is not only sufficient but can add to the story's environment.

"I'm not going to give in," Jack said.

This says less to me than;

"I'm not going to give in." Jack kicked at the rocks on the ground.
or Jack shook his fist in the air.

All say Jack said it. And you could follow 'Jack said" with an action that tells us he was uncertain and kicked at the rocks or was angry and shook his fist in the air but that would make 'Jack said' just extra words. It basically says it twice.

On the other hand sometimes it is difficult to imply an emotion with an action and you have to say it.

Jack said unyieldingly.

I try to avoid tags but it isn't a religious effort.
 

CrankItTo11

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Delarege said:
"I'm not going to give in." Jack kicked at the rocks on the ground.
This is all a matter of opinion, of course... (that's my disclaimer so I'm not followed out to the parking lot)

I find the above, when used too often, extremely distracting. It can be just as distracting as a writer trying to avoid using "said" with other creative words.

The goal is to be able to read the text quickly without obvious "author intrusions." That is just my personal taste.
 

UrsusMinor

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CrankItTo11 said:
You and I are on the same page. Exactly.

So there's two of us? If we can find a third, we can form a movement or church, and persecute those who deviate from our doctrine.

(Is this one of those twins-separated-at-birth things?)
 

NeuroFizz

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UrsusMinor said:
¨ I use ‘asked’ for questions. (Yes, I know some people think it’s redundant following a question mark, but something in me cringes at the idea that someone ‘said’ their question.)
You don't have to use said, either. In most conversations with two people, dialogue tags are only occasionally needed to remind the reader of who's talking--that is if the dialogue itself doesn't give enough hints. So, any questions in a two-person conversation can go without tags, just the question mark. In conversations of three or more people, tags are needed as long as it isn't extremely clear who's talking. In these cases, both "asked" and "said" can be avoided by putting in a beat (some action on the part of the character) instead of a tag.

In long stretches of dialogue, beats should be put in to slow down the pace of the conversation and to avoid the "talking heads" type of problem.

With a little effort, almost all dialogue tags can be removed, and the only ones needed are "said." An occasional tag other than "said" can be used, but I find they are not needed as long as the dialogue lines are written in such a way to indicate the mood of the lines.

If you, the writer, can't express the desired emotion in a line of dialogue, and feel you must rely on a "non-said" dialogue tag to do it, your writing will be weakened. Or, put another way--if you can take out a "non-said" tag because the dialogue conveys the desired emotion, your writing is strengthened.

No tags, tags, and beats are used to control the pace and control the flow (rhythm) of the prose in a conversation of any length.

"Jane said" versus "said Jane" - this is a matter of taste with the former being used in most of the books I read. However, the latter can be useful to give a segment of dialogue an improved rhythm. Read it out loud both ways and see which flows best.
 

Shadow_Ferret

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CrankItTo11 said:
Delarege said:
"I'm not going to give in." Jack kicked at the rocks on the ground.

This is all a matter of opinion, of course... (that's my disclaimer so I'm not followed out to the parking lot)

I find the above, when used too often, extremely distracting. It can be just as distracting as a writer trying to avoid using "said" with other creative words.

The goal is to be able to read the text quickly without obvious "author intrusions." That is just my personal taste.

Well, to be honest, I have no problem with descriptions of the action in a dialog scene. I mean, in real life people smile, laugh, touch each other in ways to suggest intimacy or anger or whatever. So I do the same during dialog. They'll look into a cup of coffee as they mull over their words or they'll grab an elbow to force the person to meet their gaze. I don't view these as "author intrusions" but simply part of the entire description of a scene that is necessary to further the story and convey emotions to the reader.
 

rugcat

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UrsusMinor said:
¨ I’ve never had an adverb modify the speech verb. Not even once.

I never say never


¨
I use ‘said’ for statements, and use it exclusively in the ‘Jack said’ format (as opposed to ‘said Jack’.).

I never say always


¨
I use ‘asked’ for questions. (Yes, I know some people think it’s redundant following a question mark, but something in me cringes at the idea that someone ‘said’ their question.)

Me too, unles it's rhetorical. "What do you think you're doing?" I said.


¨
I sometimes interject ‘said’ or ‘asked’ tags even when it is obvious who is speaking, simply for the rhythm of the sentence or paragraph.

Absolutely. For me, the flow of writing is the most important thing - I want the writing to flow so seamlessly that readers forget they're reading, and that's mostly about the rhythm of the prose. I read dialogue sections over and over, taking out and adding tags, until I feel it flows right. Apart from that, I have no rules as to where to put tags in and where to leave them out.


¨ On very rare occasions—I’m talking maybe once every hundred pages—I use ‘whispered’, ‘yelled’, or ‘shouted’. But I only use common verbs that literally describe the volume. (There are circumstances where I find this to be the most transparent way of dealing with things, especially when the context of the scene makes the shout or whisper a surprise.)

I think if you use "said" and "asked" almost exclusively, an occasional "whispered" etc. can be a nice break. And if you have four characters hiding from.the cops (bad guys, monsters, ex-wives, ex husbands, etc) you sometimes need a tag to establish who's talking. Then, "she whispered" or "he said softly" work fine. (See Ursus' original bullet point) Sure, you can get around that by clever convolutions, but I don't think that's necessarily better.

I almost had someone mutter under his breath once, but I walked away from the keyboard and sat down with a glass of wine until the desire passed. It was touch-and-go for a while, but I knew that if I gave in soon my characters would be 'mumbling' their sentences, and then, god forbid, 'hissing' them, and finally end by 'smiling', 'sneering', and 'frowning' them.

Every book needs at least one good, "He hissed." Esp if it's a SF/F book with a reptilian race.
"If my writing were as clumsy as my posts I'd be in real trouble," he muttered despondently.
 

BruceJ

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I tend to avoid them altogether. Not dogmatic about it. I just started working that way after observing an author I admire avoiding them and I like the way it feels to phrase the quotes, vary sentence structure and use beats to give a sense of who's talking and how they're talking.

Again, not that this is better than any other way. I just prefer it.
 

Ralyks

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I sometimes use action to identify the speaker.

I often use X said and X asked.

I occasionally use X replied or X answered

I rarely use X shouted, X whispered, etc.

I occasionally use an adverb.

When two people are speaking, I often only use a tag every few lines, just to ensure the reader is keeping track.

My books are heavy on the dialogue. I think you have to use tags from time to time, or the reader will lose track.
 

UrsusMinor

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rugcat[B said:
Every book needs at least one good, "He hissed." Esp if it's a SF/F book with a reptilian race.[/B]

In that context even I might applaud!

What is amazing about "hissed" isn't how often it is used, but how often it is used to modify sentences that don't have a single sibilant. Like:

"I'll get you for this!" he hissed.

Right. Try 'hissing' that dialogue.
 

Vincent

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I don't have a problem with hissed. It conveys a pretty clear emotional state to me, when I'm reading.
 

NeuroFizz

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UrsusMinor said:
"I'll get you for this!" he hissed.

Right. Try 'hissing' that dialogue.
I'll get you for thissssssssssss!

Now for a point of discussion. If the person is really hissing these words (which some people don't think possible in the most strict definition of the word hiss) does the exclamation point belong there? Some people would think the two (hissed and exclamation point) would be a mismatch, particularly those who consider the exclamation point showing speech that is louder or more emphatic than normal. If the former (louder), it is at odds. If the latter (more emphatic), it is redundant because a hiss is an emphatic form of speech.
 
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Del

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UrsusMinor said:
In that context even I might applaud!

What is amazing about "hissed" isn't how often it is used, but how often it is used to modify sentences that don't have a single sibilant. Like:

"I'll get you for this!" he hissed.

Right. Try 'hissing' that dialogue.

"I'll get you for thisssssssssssssssssssssss!" He slithered into a hole and wasn't seen again until spring.

:D
 

CrankItTo11

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I associate hissing with over-the-top lisping (for unknown reasons). Anytime a character in a story hisses, I can’t help but picture him as comically effeminate.

I need help.
 

NeuroFizz

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For anyone out there who is rolling his/her eyes at this pickiness about redundancies and the like, there is nothing wrong with throwing in "he asked" after a question mark, or using an exclamation point before "he hissed" because there is no right or wrong in writing. Carry on. But, have you ever heard an author's writing referred to as being "tight?" Every time I've heard it, it was complementary, sometimes extremely so. Tight writing avoids redundancies. Tight writing uses an economy of words and yet doesn't economize on emotion or image. Most important, tight writing expresses thoughts, emotions, or actions without beating the reader over the head with words or punctuation.
 

Carrie in PA

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I use as many adverbs as I can cram into a sentence. I never use "said" - I always use something with more flavor... like barked, yelled, opined, or my favorite, bellowed. Snorted, chortled, hollered, whispered, croaked! I use them all.

But I never repeat things. Repetition is something I just don't do. I figure people get it the first time, so I don't stay stuff over and over. And I never, ever say the same thing twice.

:D

Actually, I just put in some action where I think the story needs it, stick mostly to "said", and try to keep to the point.
 

pianoman5

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I think hissing implies a sotto voce voice. An exclamation point raises the volume and in so doing turns it into a snarl.

Ergo:

'I'll get you for thissssss,' he said sibilantly.

or

'I'll get you for thissss!' he said snarlingly.

With thanks to the official Publish America Style Guide, not forgetting Atlanta Nights. :D
 

Jamesaritchie

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Tags

No tag but "said," and I try to avoid it whenever possible.
 
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