Treatment for Melancholia (Late 17th-Early 18th Centuries)

AZ_Dawn

AW Addict
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Jan 28, 2008
Messages
1,298
Reaction score
229
Location
Southern Arizona
I have a severely depressed character. Nowdays, he'd probably be sent to a shrink, but what would the treatment be in his time? I found this site, but I'm not sure if it's adequate for the whole time period.

Any advice? It would be really great if the treatment were available on board a ship, but rum doesn't count. ;) Thanks!
 

TerzaRima

Absinthe O'Malice
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Feb 20, 2008
Messages
3,340
Reaction score
892
Location
the foulest in the land
Dawn--IIRC, people of the time tended to correlate mental illness with criminality (the famous Bedlam hospital shared property and administration with a prison). Accordingly, treatment could be fairly punitive--cold baths, purges, starvation. Also, the idea of institutionalizing mentally ill people was probably just taking off in the mid-1600s.

I am no historian, but I have read that George III's madness was one of many factors that helped change the way people thought about mental illness. The more modern, altruistic model--i.e. these are sick people, they need treatment and protection--probably owes a lot to the Quakers and their efforts early in the 19th c.
 

donroc

Historicals and Horror rule
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Apr 27, 2006
Messages
7,508
Reaction score
798
Location
Winter Haven, Florida
Website
www.donaldmichaelplatt.com
For what it is worth:

Borago officinalis, BorageThe ancient Greek naturalist Pliny said that borage ‘maketh a man merry and joyful.’ Dioscorides, the first century Greek physician, mentioned the use of borage to ‘comfort the heart, purge melancholy and quiet the lunatic person.’
John Evelyn, the seventeenth century English herbalist, spoke of borage ‘to revive the hypochondriac and cheer the hard student’, while his contemporary Culpepper used the plant for ‘putrid and pestilential fever, the venom of serpents, jaundice, consumption, sore throat and rheumatism.’
 

girlyswot

Super Member
Registered
Joined
Sep 1, 2007
Messages
2,227
Reaction score
389
Location
Cambridge
Website
myromancereviews.wordpress.com
My guess is that if he's on board ship the most likely treatment was confinement - locked cabin, shackles etc. And the next most likely treatment was being thrown overboard. Sailors were/are pretty superstitious about that sort of thing.
 

pdr

Banned
Joined
Feb 12, 2005
Messages
4,259
Reaction score
832
Location
Home - but for how long?
Mental illness.

Still badly treated in the Victorian times.

General reaction would be the humours were out of balance so purges and leeches and other nasty treatment.

Also another common reaction would be a punishment from God to the patient, s/he was ill because s/he was a sinner, or the patient was not Godly enough and demons were tormenting hir!

In a woman it would be called going into a decline and they were urged to snap out of it with varying degrees of brutality.

Just a thought though, we still are not very good with depressed people today are we?
 
Last edited:

JoNightshade

has finally arrived
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Apr 29, 2007
Messages
7,153
Reaction score
4,138
Website
www.ramseyhootman.com
Uh, these extreme treatments were used on obviously mentally ill people, but nobody would have thought of a depressed person as "mentally ill."

Samuel Johnson is a pretty good example of someone with chronic depression: low motivation, often did not want to get out of bed, etc. His friends would try to cheer him up; for a time he drank a lot. He found solace in religion.

Check out the wikipedia article on melancholia if you haven't, I think you'll get some ideas.

ETA: Also, has something happened to trigger your character's depression? How is he actually BEHAVING? Just depressed, or is he trying to self-harm, or what? This would determine how others would treat him.
 
Last edited:

AZ_Dawn

AW Addict
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Jan 28, 2008
Messages
1,298
Reaction score
229
Location
Southern Arizona
Thanks, guys! This is a big help.

TerzaRima said:
Dawn--IIRC, people of the time tended to correlate mental illness with criminality (the famous Bedlam hospital shared property and administration with a prison). Accordingly, treatment could be fairly punitive--cold baths, purges, starvation. Also, the idea of institutionalizing mentally ill people was probably just taking off in the mid-1600s.
I guess that explains the site's sections on Binding, Chains, and Whipping.:whip:

donroc said:
Borago officinalis, BorageThe ancient Greek naturalist Pliny said that borage ‘maketh a man merry and joyful.’ Dioscorides, the first century Greek physician, mentioned the use of borage to ‘comfort the heart, purge melancholy and quiet the lunatic person.’
John Evelyn, the seventeenth century English herbalist, spoke of borage ‘to revive the hypochondriac and cheer the hard student’, while his contemporary Culpepper used the plant for ‘putrid and pestilential fever, the venom of serpents, jaundice, consumption, sore throat and rheumatism.’
I heard about borage, but I wasn't sure if they were still using it during my time; looks like they were.

girlyswot said:
My guess is that if he's on board ship the most likely treatment was confinement - locked cabin, shackles etc. And the next most likely treatment was being thrown overboard. Sailors were/are pretty superstitious about that sort of thing.
:eek: Never heard of that one! I might need to check that out.

pdr said:
General reaction would be the humours were out of balance so purges and leeches and other nasty treatment.

Also another common reaction would be a punishment from God to the patient, s/he was ill because s/he was a sinner, or the patient was not Godly enough and demons were tormenting hir!
Poor guy's going to have both the surgeon and the chaplain on his back!

JoNightshade said:
ETA: Also, has something happened to trigger your character's depression?
It's more of an ongoing problem than a triggered event. Being a lifelong victim of bullying doesn't help, though. Neither did finding out his "sister" was his mother at her deathbed, joining the navy to avoid jail time, etc.

JoNightshade said:
How is he actually BEHAVING? Just depressed, or is he trying to self-harm, or what? This would determine how others would treat him.
Probably the most obvious sign would be the occasional crying for no apparent reason. (Sure, he waits 'til he thinks everyone's asleep, but he's been overheard on occasion.) Other signs include going through the motions of living and working; lack of sociability; lack of appetite; poor sleep; and snapping at anyone who calls him on his mental problems. He's also prone to excessive drinking, but I don't think anyone would make the connection.

As far as self-harm goes, he comtemplates suicide a lot. If that were to become known for some reason, there could be problems, I guess.
 

HeronW

Down Under Fan
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Dec 17, 2007
Messages
6,398
Reaction score
1,854
Location
Rishon Lezion, Israel
For depression a few hundred years ago -- confinement for melancholia up to being bled, purges, assorted draughts of noxious stuff, having the devil beat or starved out of you, even banishment or execution so it 'doesn't spread'.
 

PastMidnight

Oponionated
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Feb 17, 2006
Messages
1,401
Reaction score
278
Location
A slantwise perspective
Website
www.jabrockmole.com
Also think of how the other sailors might react if they hear him crying or see him moping about. They might give him a hard time for acting like a sissy, or whatever sailors at that time would say. And that wouldn't help.

I wonder how likely it would be that someone would say, "Wow, I think you need help. Let's call the surgeon/chaplain." More likely he'd get a, "Suck it up and stop acting like a pansy." He might have to decide to seek help on his own?
 

AZ_Dawn

AW Addict
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Jan 28, 2008
Messages
1,298
Reaction score
229
Location
Southern Arizona
Thanks, guys! I'm getting a lot of helpful answers here.

Also think of how the other sailors might react if they hear him crying or see him moping about. They might give him a hard time for acting like a sissy, or whatever sailors at that time would say. And that wouldn't help.
Hmm. I think I see an extra reason why he jumps ship and deserts.
 

Bo Sullivan

Banned
Joined
Sep 9, 2006
Messages
1,201
Reaction score
187
Location
South Wales
Website
www.freewebs.com
Still badly treated in the Victorian times.

General reaction would be the humours were out of balance so purges and leeches and other nasty treatment.

Also another common reaction would be a punishment from God to the patient, s/he was ill because s/he was a sinner, or the patient was not Godly enough and demons were tormenting hir!

In a woman it would be called going into a decline and they were urged to snap out of it with varying degrees of brutality.

Just a thought though, we still are not very good with depressed people today are we?

I agree with pdr about purges and leeches in those times; but also cupping or blood letting I think, if there was a ship's surgeon.

Barb
 

pilot27407

Sockpuppet
Banned
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Apr 11, 2008
Messages
329
Reaction score
13
Many hallucinogenic medication was used during Antiquity, Middle Ages and all the way into Victorian times. Chinese medicine, as far back as 500 BC, used opium to cure depressive moods, and the military to fortify for battle. In the eighteen hundreds, Dutch physicians prescribe ‘beteal’ (betel), an East Indies vegetal substance, to induce, ‘happiness’, sleep, immunity to certain maladies and to alleviate pain. Was also used as an aphrodisiac
 

bylinebree

Still Seeking the Dream
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Aug 7, 2005
Messages
592
Reaction score
47
Location
Windy high prairie near mtns
Website
www.breedavison.wordpress.com
Chinese medicine, as far back as 500 BC, used opium to cure depressive moods, and the military to fortify for battle.

Yikes, that is pretty terrible since opium is a narcotic, and thus a depressant in itself! How on earth could it prepare soldiers for battle, if they need all their wits to fight? Weird.
 

pilot27407

Sockpuppet
Banned
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Apr 11, 2008
Messages
329
Reaction score
13
Missed the chance to ask them,.. by some 2,500 years.
But, look at the 1900 Boxers Rebellion. Wave after wave of frontal attacks were machine-gunned and still they didn’t stop. They were definitely ‘high’.
 

Pup

.
Super Member
Registered
Joined
May 1, 2006
Messages
374
Reaction score
75
Yikes, that is pretty terrible since opium is a narcotic, and thus a depressant in itself! How on earth could it prepare soldiers for battle, if they need all their wits to fight? Weird.

Check out point number four on the page here in The Mysteries of Opium Reveal'd, 1701.

I really try not to comment on medical stuff long before my period of interest, since it's too easy to miss the context of what one is reading, and this is about 150 years too early for me. But it looks like there are several early 18th century medical books on Google Books, like the one above, a few pharmacopoeias, and some general discussions of diseases and treatments, like this one about melancholia from Boerhaave's Aphorisms, Concerning the Knowledge and Cure of Diseases, 1715.
 

ColoradoGuy

I've seen worse.
Staff member
Moderator
Kind Benefactor
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Oct 11, 2005
Messages
6,698
Reaction score
1,539
Location
The City Different
Website
www.chrisjohnsonmd.com
Roy Porter's Madness: A Brief History is worth looking at to get some perspective. He was a bit controversial, but he was one of those who brought history of medicine into the mainstream of historical writing.
 

Sarpedon

Banned
Joined
Jan 20, 2008
Messages
2,702
Reaction score
436
Location
Minnesota, USA
If he's a crewman on a ship, they wouldn't care if he was depressed enough. He'd do his job, or he'd be flogged.
 

AZ_Dawn

AW Addict
Super Member
Registered
Joined
Jan 28, 2008
Messages
1,298
Reaction score
229
Location
Southern Arizona
Thanks again, guys! This stuff's really helpful.

ColoradoGuy said:
Roy Porter's Madness: A Brief History is worth looking at to get some perspective. He was a bit controversial, but he was one of those who brought history of medicine into the mainstream of historical writing.
How was he controversial? Did they think his medical knowledge or his history was faulty, or did it involve something like bigotry?