I don't know whether or not modern agents and editors like the date and location at the chapter heading approach or not anymore. I'm sure I've read books that do this that aren't terribly old, but I've run across people who claim to dislike the approach. It doesn't bother me, and it may be the way to go if you need to jump into the story with an action scene where there isn't time for any static description or reflection on setting.
There are a couple of other approaches, depending on narrative viewpoint.
If in omniscient, or in a reflective first person, you could simply state where the story is taking place at the beginning of chapter 1 within the narrative.
The winter of [year] was harsher than any in living memory, even for the Nova Scotia colony...
If in a more immediate or limited narrative viewpoint, you could start with an observation or reflection that is central to the viewpoint character.
Sue hunched her shoulders against the relentless, North-Sea wind and clutched her bonnet with a thickly gloved hand, but she couldn't stop her heavy skirts from flapping around her legs. She'd expected cold when she'd come to Nova Scotia, of course, but this was ridiculous. If only she hadn't spent all her money on the boat fare...
Note, that many suggest novels not start with weather descriptions, but I once did an informal count of the kindle books on my ipad (most written in recent years), and a surprisingly high percentage of novels do mention weather in the opening sentence even. It's a way of establishing setting without breaking narrative viewpoint (since weather is something people tend to notice) for those writing within a character viewpoint at a ""close" or "deeper" narrative distance.
Obviously it's not a deal breaker for publishers, if it serves a narrative purpose and leads to something relevant within the opening scene.