Thank you for clearing some of this up for me. I would also like to add that many times authors are given NO credit for being knowledgeable adults. When anyone publishes a literary property, there is, or should be, a publishing contract involved. It is assumed, also, that authors have the ability to read and reason. Most authors are endowed with this ability or they probably wouldn't be authors. So let's give us some credit. Many who post here seem to assume that authors are stupid and, if you think about it, that's kind of insulting. Wouldn't you all agree?
Also, many of us, myself included, tried to find an agent and when that failed, tried to find a publisher. I was a first-time author and not many these days want to take a chance on first-timers. This includes NYC agents and MOST NYC publishers. I know this for a fact as I tried for years to be published. I finally made it and with a very good publisher. My only regret is that I didn't find them years ago--would have saved lots time and money. Again, thanks for your input.