The causes of this wreck are many. An uncompetitive retail model, failure to adapt to new technology, high rents and other overheads, protectionist measures artificially raising prices, and terrible management, all played roles. Commentators will be sorting through the rubble for one easy answer, but I don't think there is one, except maybe a general inability or unwillingness to change with the times.
I went into Borders on Friday, with my $30 gift card. I wasn't holding out much hope; I wasn't a customer now but a creditor, and should have expected to join the queue. Instead, they offered to redeem the value of the card in exchange for an equal cash purchase. I thought this was reasonable, seeing I had no expectation of getting anything. The whingers feel differently. Insert some profound comment on the modern entitlement culture here.
I was also struck by how much of the floorspace had been turned over to stuff that wasn't books. Just why is a book store selling baby care products and homewares? This crap occupied the prime space by the entrance. Terrible, shitty management.