No, IO preferisco i fagioli fritti.
Technically though "fried beans" is a particular dish here in America whereas I'm not sure we have an exact equivalent in Italy...
It also depends on what you want to stress in your sentence: do you mean to say that you prefer your beans fried as opposed to boiled or.... Or do you mean to say that you prefer fried beans over some other dish? In the first instance you would say "I fagioli li preferisco fritti" whereas in the second case "Preferisco i fagioli fritti" works.