Learn Writing with Uncle Jim, Volume 1

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Ken Schneider

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The first paragraph from the first chapter of a book that I just finished reading. It took me a while to get around to this book, but it came to the top of the pile. I enjoyed it very much.

Quoted:
"Up on Graksha's bluff the air was cool, but by late afternoon the sun had warmed the bare rock to basking temperature. The wind that sighed and rustled through the trees on the slope below brought with it a smell of conifers, sharp and resinous, underlaid with the dry granite smell of the mountain itself. Jens Metadi-Jessan lay on his back half-dozing, his eyes closed against the brightness of the sky overhead, and heard the faint scrape of boot leather on stone as his cousin Faral shifted position a few feet away."

This first paragraph put me right there on that rocky mountain outcrop with these two boys.

Notice how the author introduced the main character right up front. In this opening paragraph you are given a good amount of information. You know the surroundings, you and I have smelled pine trees before, lay in the sun with a cool breeze blowing and the warmth of the sun on our face. The author made it easy for us to be in this place and see this place, because we can associate with the same things Jens and Faral are experiencing. The scene puts us in a peaceful state of mind.

You know something is going to break this serenity, and it does.
 

Dru

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Hey, no cribbing from the teacher! You're the one who brought in the apple, all polished up, before class, weren't ya?

I will firmly resist any fanboy comments, and will simply note that UJ has even more "pull you in" starts in that series alone, at least IMHO. Of course finding said books can be a challenge, mine are getting worn.

and boy oh boy do things get topsy turvy!
 

Nexusman

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Wierd situation

Hmm...

I have a strange situation. In the first book I'm trying to get representation for (of the three-thousand book series I'm working on...) I have a recurring character that is never identified. In all the scenes she's in, she doesn't offer a name and ignores or dodges the question when asked, so there's never a "tag" for her. (She's identified in the second book I'm working on.) The prose is still sufficient to show when she's speaking or acting though. Is there any way to convey a name to the reader while still maintaining the "mysterious sorceress" character? (Or does it even matter?) She never opens a scene so I think if I do write it in, it would be author's intrusion, a minor fourth-wall breach, or both.

How often does this occur in fiction?

-Nick
 

DamaNegra

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Nexusman, I had such a character now. As of now, he's identified as 'the old bloke', which works fine. But now he's revealed his name, which is Ilhuitemoc. Guess I'd better go back to calling him 'the old bloke' :D
 

Allynegirl

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UJ - what a cool lookin' cover. Makes me want to go buy it immediately, even though I'm not much for nautical tales (which I assume it is by the cover), but the authors' names are quite a selling point. And Yes, I know ... buy one, buy a dozen, they make great Christmas gifts. :tongue

Assignment Seventeen
Watch two particular episodes from X-Files and Millennium.
"Jose Chung's From Outer Space" Season 3 X-Files
"Jose Chung's Doomsday Defense" Season 2 Millennium
Those, too, tell the Truthiest Truth about being an author.

Alright, something I did without going to the library or the bookstore. I have these two TV series in their entirety. Woohoo. Very interesting and humorous. Poor, poor Mr. Chung. I like his bottle of JD next to his typewriter. I understood his lament at being a writer. I thought of UJ's advice earlier in this thread when Mr. Chung sat alone at his book-signing and felt sorry for him. I busted a gut at all the bleeping going on. Two thumbs up for entertainment and education.
 

James D. Macdonald

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As far as descriptions, what we know about the Continental Op is that he's overweight. About the English spy, we know that he wears glasses.

And those only come up when it's relevant to the plot.
 

Ken Schneider

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Though Jim was a Navy man himself, and knows the proper terms for sea going vessels, there is a mighty amount of research wrapped up in that first chapter.
One instance:
I'm a numismatist, so I know that Zinc and Copper are combined to make Bronze. So, we know that the cannons are Bronze, made of virgin Zinc and Copper. In the first chapter we've just been told that Zinc and Copper make up the metal Bronze. I know that the writer knows what he's talking about, because I know this tidbit of info. Some don't, and some don't care. Jim may or may not have known this until he researched bronze cannons, or maybe he did know before. Imagine if I'd have read the first chapter of M&S, and it said Bronze cannons made of virgin zinc and aluminum, heaven forbid, since aluminum wasn't discovered yet.

In a nutshell, some people know of what you write, you better know what you're talking about when you start getting technical.

The most important point injected into that first chapter, on three or four occasions, and what drives the reader toward chapter two, is, what about this ship the Nicodemus. I want to know what is so secretive and special about this new Man-o-war. I'll find out, of course, I've ordered my pre-order copy.

By the by, all sailing vessels in writing are Italicized, (If you ever intend to incorporate a ship into your wip.

Dru, Jim knows I'm not rubbing him up, he has, and will help me anytime I needed it. Just showing an example of how to draw the reader into a story by using normal everyday experiences that the reader can relate to, having just read the book.

Likewise, with Mists and Snow,write what you know. Jim knows about sea-going vessels, and it makes it easier for him to write about. But, he has a small problem that he has just started to address in the first chapter. Teaching us landlubers the terminology- meanings now, so he can continue to use them later in shorter form and not confuse the reader.

A luber is the piece of the compass on a ship that points the direction the front of the ship is going. Landluber, always on land pointing toward land.

Anyone care to tackle where the meaning, (shiver me timbers) came from?
 
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gp101

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help me, U-J-Kinobe... you're my only hope

UJ,

The first chapter of my WHIP is one long inciting incident (it's a crime novel). It's an action sequence (nothing like car chases or explosions, however), that clocks in at a reasonable nine pages, but it occurs five years in the past. Chap two starts in the "now" of the story. Chap one ends on the MC, while chap two starts with him, again, five years later in the "now". My problem is I hate my chapter transition. The MC does something sneaky in the first chap that resonates throughout the novel. I end chapter one (as of now) with "It worked great for five years. Then he got a visitor that changed everything."
And go into chap two.

I've changed the transition so many times. I've even tried different ones at the start of chapter two. No matter what, no matter where I put them, they all seem clunky. This one seems to be the clunkiest, most boring, most amateurish yet. I think I've reached the point where it's just glazing over me and I can't control it; kind of like a second baseman who all of a sudden can't throw a ball straight to first anymore. They end up being put in the outfield, or sent down to the minors. I'd like to avoid both.

I don't want it to be a prologue, *** I hate prologues myself and most readers skip 'em. Any non-clunky ways of pulling this off?
 

Dru

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Ken,

I was just trying to give you a good natured ribbing, but tone can be hard to read sometimes. :flag:


It is a good example of how to set the reader up for the rest of the novel! The other Mageworld novels have similarly intriguing starts (,middles and ends), in case anyone else wants extra UJ novels to examine.

Likewise, beyond writing what you know, a good author can also make someone interested in the topic even if it is outside their ken or field of focus. I've a bad inner ear equilibrium, so boats and ships aren't exactly my favorite things, but at the end of LoM&S's first chapter, I want to know more about the MC, and where things are headed, even if spending time myself on one of the vessels would not be a happy event.
 

James D. Macdonald

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I end chapter one (as of now) with "It worked great for five years. Then he got a visitor that changed everything."
And go into chap two.

Great first-chapter close. Cut "Then he got a visitor...."

Start off chapter two with the visitor knocking on his door. Continue from there, slow pace gradually picking up to the chapter two cliffhanger.

Get your copy of Magic and Showmanship and study the chapter on routining an act.
 

James D. Macdonald

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LeeFlower said:
This might be a bad idea, but my first instinct would be to open chapter two with the classic "FIVE YEARS LATER..."

Probably not your best idea. We can get the idea that five years have passed in other, more subtle ways (which still advance plot, support theme, and reveal character).

Meanwhile ... back at the ranch ...

One reason for the sudden flurry on Mist and Snow is that we've just gotten the galleys back; we have 'til the 27th to read and correct them.

Here are the first two typeset pages (line by line anon):

In late January of 1863 I was an idler, assigned to the War Department office at 88 Whitehall Street in the city of New York after my ship, USS Tisdale, burned when the Rebels took Norfolk.

Time weighed heavily upon me. The war, which some had at first expected to be over in a matter of weeks -- or a few months at most -- would soon be entering its third year, and I could not fail to perceive that matters stood at a most perilous juncture. In the west, the free movement of our forces up and down the Mississippi still broke upon the rock that was Confederate-held Vicksburg; to the east and south, in the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, Rebel commerce raiders and blockade runners ranged freely. Everywhere, my brother officers were gaining rank and experiencing sea-time, whether in gunboats on the inland waterways or in more conventional warships on the open seas, maintaining the blockade and chasing Confederate raiders.

Meanwhile, I sat filing papers in an obscure office. President Lincoln had freed all the slaves in Rebel territory. My daily hope was that some similar edict would arrive to free me from my own labors. From my window overlooking the harbor, I could watch the Navy's vessels come and go -- a species of keen torture, since I feared that such a long period of shore duty would see my career stalled, if not derailed entirely, the ultimate goal of command at sea forever placed beyond my reach.

So it was that on the morning of January 31st a messenger found me laboring at my desk, checking one long bureaucratic list against another. He had an envelope from the Navy Department in his hand, with my name on the front. I fairly tore the envelope from his grasp and opened it.

What it contained was indeed the answer to my nightly prayer. I was detached immediately from my current assignment and ordered to travel by fastest available means to the Naval Arsenal at Watervliet. There I was to inspect and take possession of a dozen ten-inch Rodman guns, thence to accompany them to the place where USS Nicodemus might lie, in order to take my position as head of her gunnery department. Nicodemus was new construction; I would be a plank owner. I was further informed that Nicodemus was even then being fitted out in preparation for her sea trials.

The remainder of the morning I spent in checking out of my temporary billet, drawing my health and pay records, and turning over my responsibilities to a hapless civilian clerk.

As usual, the game is this: Would you turn the page?
 

rugcat

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James D. Macdonald said:
Great first-chapter close. Cut "Then he got a visitor...."
With apologies to Uncle Jim, I would close with "Then he got a visitor." and cut "...and everything changed." See? You probably could get as many opinions as there are AW members.
 

LeeFlower

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For what it's worth, UJ, I would turn the page. The voice is a bit different than what I'm used to seeing, but it seems to be working. Most important (to me at least) is that it passed the first-page BS Check, which distinguishes it from a lot of the nautical novels I pick up and bumps it instantly to the shortlist of books I should consider buying.

I'm a pretty easy sell on this sort of story, though... It's one of my favorite (sub?)genres.
 

LloydBrown

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I would turn the page. At this rate, I'd give it a few chapters.

However, I've read better period language, and that's important to me in historical fiction. You can't avoid the comparison to Turtledove, which is unfortunate because he's outstanding in that area.

Specifically, the phrase "more conventional warships" struck me as awkward. On second read, I can't find anything else that stands out. Sorry; wish I could offer more concrete feedback.
 

James D. Macdonald

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This is going to be a bit different from the usual, because I know a bit more about what was going on in the author's mind. So I'll indulge a bit.

In late January of 1863 I was an idler, assigned to the War Department office at 88 Whitehall Street in the city of New York after my ship, USS Tisdale, burned when the Rebels took Norfolk.

We start off with a super-sentence -- a single-sentence paragraph. I'm trying to set a 19th century voice, a more florid and leisurely narrative style than is common now. Thus "of 1863" rather than plain "1863," and "city of New York" rather than "New York City." (Alas, I was unable to convince either my co-author nor the editor that New-York should properly be hyphenated.)

The War Department building was, indeed, at 88 Whitehall St, New York City. This had personal meaning for me -- I'd been there, back when it was still in its Civil War dress; it's where I got my induction physical when I joined the Navy, so I know exactly what it looked like and where it is situated, and what you could see from its windows. I didn't actually describe it in the novel, but the fact I could still see (and smell) it -- helped me out.

This paragraph is setting the scene, and filling in details of the American Civil War for folks who slept through history class.

This also brings me to my first large whopper: there was no USS Tisdale involved in the American Civil War. The name actually belongs to a WWII destroyer escort. There are several compressions here, too: the Union burned the Gosport Shipyard in Portsmouth when the Rebels took Norfolk in 1861, shortly after the attack on Fort Sumter. The Rebels burned the same navy yard in 1862, when the Federals retook Norfolk. The first burning of the Gosport yards left USS Merrimack burned to the waterline; she was later raised and converted into CSS Virginia (famous for fighting USS Monitor in the Battle of Hampton Roads).

The Battle of Hampton Roads would have taken place a year before the events in the story we're telling here; it's never mentioned. That's because in this world (an alternate history/secret history), it never took place. Instead, the duel between two unusual ships forms the core of our story. So where we are in the first paragraph: A ship that never existed is named, while a battle that actually took place is not. Still, the shadow of the Monitor and the Merrimack lies long across our tale. We're in 1863 in order to allow time for events in our story to have unfolded. 1862 wouldn't have allowed enough time to pass after the start of the war to do everything that I had to do, as will be revealed in the course of the narrative. (The other Civil War ship duel that's heavily referenced is CSS Alabama vs. USS Kearsarge, two more vessels that are never mentioned, even though they were both active during this period.)

History is the fantasy author's secret weapon; those are the sources I'm using.

I trust that the term "idler" is obvious from context; it's someone who doesn't stand watches.

Time weighed heavily upon me.

After that super-sentence, a short sentence for rhythm.

The war, which some had at first expected to be over in a matter of weeks -- or a few months at most -- would soon be entering its third year, and I could not fail to perceive that matters stood at a most perilous juncture.

For the folks who hadn't stayed awake in American History.

In the west, the free movement of our forces up and down the Mississippi still broke upon the rock that was Confederate-held Vicksburg; to the east and south, in the Atlantic and the Gulf of Mexico, Rebel commerce raiders and blockade runners ranged freely.

More brief history -- enough so the readers will know what's going on. The hunt for blockade runners and raiders forms most of the rest of the book. (Vicksburg will be mentioned again in the last chapter.)

Everywhere, my brother officers were gaining rank and experiencing sea-time, whether in gunboats on the inland waterways or in more conventional warships on the open seas, maintaining the blockade and chasing Confederate raiders.

Motive and discontent for our narrator. Reveals him to be an ambitious man. So ends this paragraph, again with a very long sentence. Our narrator will soon be at sea in a very unconventional warship.

Meanwhile, I sat filing papers in an obscure office.

Short sentence for rhythm. Alliteration for emphasis. The ambition theme again.

President Lincoln had freed all the slaves in Rebel territory.

On 1 January 1863, thirty days before the narrative commences. A bit more history, and anchoring to time.


My daily hope was that some similar edict would arrive to free me from my own labors.

Ambitious, self-centered, given to exageration.

From my window overlooking the harbor, I could watch the Navy's vessels come and go -- a species of keen torture, since I feared that such a long period of shore duty would see my career stalled, if not derailed entirely, the ultimate goal of command at sea forever placed beyond my reach.

Back to the very long sentences, the ship theme pointed up. As far as torture goes, he isn't really being tortured. Certainly not in the same way as the slaves he compares himself with in the previous sentence. We're also setting up the ending here -- John Nevis will get command at sea before this book is over. Foreshadowing the climax, right on page one. End of paragraph, a position of power.

So it was that on the morning of January 31st a messenger found me laboring at my desk, checking one long bureaucratic list against another.

Finally, our story is about to start. Something happens. (Also, fixing the date. Dates are going to be important from now on.) Some attitude toward his job. This was, in fact, a Saturday morning. But then, the five-day work week wasn't invented until 1908, and didn't go nation-wide until 1940.
He had an envelope from the Navy Department in his hand, with my name on the front. I fairly tore the envelope from his grasp and opened it.

Now that we're out of setup the sentences are shorter, to speed up the pace. 19th century word choice and word order.

What it contained was indeed the answer to my nightly prayer.

Our narrator is the sort of person who says his prayers every night. This is, in fact, an important plot point, and will be repeated several times. LT Nevis had been chosen for one quality; and he was (though he does not know it) stashed at 88 Whitehall St. to make sure he didn't get his silly head blown off, so that he can serve his purpose on board his new ship. He'll learn that sometimes you don't want to have your prayers answered.

I was detached immediately from my current assignment and ordered to travel by fastest available means to the Naval Arsenal at Watervliet.

I have no idea if that's how orders read in the 19th century, but that's sure how they read today. There was, and is, a naval arsenal at Watervliet (just north of Albany, along the Hudson).

There I was to inspect and take possession of a dozen ten-inch Rodman guns, thence to accompany them to the place where USS Nicodemus might lie, in order to take my position as head of her gunnery department.

Super-sentence. Much longer than my usual, but again, I feel, necessary for the impression of pre-Hemingway prose. Much of this language is cribbed from the standard phrases in modern Naval orders.

There was no USS Nicodemus, either. Rodmans were a variety of cannon, very similar to the earlier Dahlgrens (which USS Monitor and USS Kearsarge mounted). Climax technology for smoothbore muzzle-loaders. The name Nicodemus comes from an Abolutionist song, "Wake Nicodemus." While it was important to me to know this, the readers don't need to know, and are never told. Nicodemus is a Biblical name; Nicodemus the Pharisee was associated in John with the phrase "born again," and the Gospel of Nicodemus (an apocryphal Gospel) tells about the Harrowing of Hell (another theme in this book). Nicodemus is involved in the spirit, and water. Spirits and water are going to be themes.

Nicodemus was new construction; I would be a plank owner.

A definition demanded by my co-author who argued that civilians wouldn't have a clue what a plank owner was. Verges on as-you-know-Bob dialog.

I was further informed that Nicodemus was even then being fitted out in preparation for her sea trials.

It's the exposition. It has to go somewhere.

The remainder of the morning I spent in checking out of my temporary billet, drawing my health and pay records, and turning over my responsibilities to a hapless civilian clerk.

What with this and that some hours passed. More insistence on paperwork. (Books, papers, manuscripts, orders, logs ... writing will form a major theme. ) "Clerk" is braced up with two adjectives, partly to show our narrator's attitude, partly to show how trivial his assignment had been up to now. But mostly to get "clerk" noticed. "Clerk" is a form of "cleric." Until now our lad had been acting as a cleric.

Purely by chance, page two ends with the end of that paragraph.
 
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gp101

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James D. Macdonald said:
Great first-chapter close. Cut "Then he got a visitor...."

Start off chapter two with the visitor knocking on his door. Continue from there, slow pace gradually picking up to the chapter two cliffhanger.

Get your copy of Magic and Showmanship and study the chapter on routining an act.


[lightbulb goes off over head] Thanks, UJ. I'm going with your suggestion. One other thing: chap one is omni POV, while chap 2, and the rest of the novel for that matter, is 3rd person head-hopping galore (but no hopping within scenes, of course). Is that awkward or jarring in general? I feel it serves my story, but am open to your opinion.

PS Was frustrated to find your "The Apocalypse Door" is out of stock at Amazon. That's my kind of reading. The B&N nearest me is gone forever. Any other online suppliers for this novel? Also found "The High King's Daughter" out of stock. Ba$tards! Did manage to order "School of Wizardy" however. Look forward to when Mist is available. And again, many thanks to your help.
 

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Learned Something

Over the course of reading this thread I came across Uncle Jim's principle of words needing to "advance plot, reveal character or support theme" numerous times. This was a valuable insight to me, since I was worried that my already-in-progress WIP contained a lot of narrative that did not advance the plot. I felt better when I knew that advancing the plot is not the sole justification for observations, descriptions, scenes, inclusion of minor characters or subplots. I now write easier when these components insert themselves into my writing. And they do constantly.

One reason I intially included them, even though I thought I might be making a mistake, was my remembrance of "Fargo", one of my all-time top ten favorite movies. And one of my favorite components (I don't know what else to call it) of that movie was the sad story of Mike Yanagita: one of Sheriff Margie's classmates who called her from the twin cities after hearing her name mentioned in connection with the murders up in Brainerd.

I've probably watched this movie twenty times and this small part of it never ceases to amaze me with its richness and insight. But I never knew why, because it does not advance the plot. I just knew that it was very interesting and enjoyable. Now I know why: it supports the theme extremely well and, to me, the movie would be slightly less great without it.

What I am writing isn't even within hollering distance of "Fargo", but now when small stories or observations or even subplots appear that seem to make the work richer, I include them if they reveal character or support the theme, even if they don't advance the plot.
 

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Wow

UJ,

Thanks for walking us through the first two pages. It's really good to see how you intended all the pieces to fit together, and to see the subtle hints that suggest theme and character that are there from the very beginning.
 
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