I took a writing class that structured itself as one big ten week long workshop, and that was probably my favorite workshop I've ever participated in. It was great. For the first few weeks the teacher would give us a short story to read or a part of a novel or something and there would be some lesson about the story, like, "oh this is in a strange point of view," or "this story is written in a close psychic distance," or "this includes magical realism." Things like that. Sometimes it was genre stuff, but usually it was setting/pacing/POV stuff. Then, she'd send us home and we'd have to write a two page scene that includes the lesson for the day or rework a previous assignment to include the new lesson. We'd bring them in the next day and a few people would read theirs out loud and the rest of us who didn't have time to read put our stuff on the message boards. Every person was assigned two buddies each assignment and you'd go online and post one compliment and one suggestion for each of your buddies.
At the end of the quarter, we each had to write a 10-25 page story, print 30 copies, and pass them out in class. Every single person wrote a 3 page critique about your story. It was pretty brutal. Then there was a 20 minute discussion about your work. There was no defending your work or answering questions until the very end. Our final project was to turn in a "significant revision" of our story. The critiques and discussion did wonders for my writing. I'm taking the class again next quarter at a higher level. I'm pretty excited.
We did a lot of fun little activities that I feel helped somehow, even if they just broke the ice a little. We did that two lies and a truth game, but instead of just guessing the truth, we interrogated the person about what we thought were the lies and they were forced to make up believable back stories on the spot or be revealed as a liar. I thought that was fun.
We'd also do this thing where the teacher would say, "The first line of your story is [insert ridiculous line here] and the last line is [insert twice as ridiculous line here]. You have thirty minutes. Incorporate [insert lesson here]. Go." I always ended up with something interesting out of those.
We used a book called "Behind the Short Story: From First Draft to Final" by Ryan G. Van Cleave and Todd James Pierce. It's full of short stories and activities. I recommend it.