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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_historyBut I found it interesting that when I asked for no judgment, people assumed that I said the Chinese, Greeks etc were without souls. Talking about putting words and opinions onto others.
The span of recorded history is 5000 years. That just means that we have evidence of records written by other cultures which we can understand as far back as 5000 years. Not that people before that 5000 year cutoff were incapable of doing it.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory
Humans as Homo Sapiens have existed for roughly 200,000 years. Prior to that however, the oldest stone tools found are roughly 2.5 million years old. Tool creation at its most basic requires forethought, imagination, the ability to look at an item and imagine a 3D shape within it, working out how to create that shape, sharing the knowledge with others of your own kind and sharing the uses of it with them as well. That sounds pretty advanced and soul-worthy, to me.The systematic burial of the dead, the music, early art, and the use of increasingly sophisticated multi-part tools are highlights of the Middle Paleolithic.
The problem is we cannot interpret intelligence and sentience as a black/white issue. There is no line in the sand behind which we are just animals and beyond which we are people with souls and minds. Such things fall on a spectrum. Just look at corvids, for example.
http://www.pbs.org/lifeofbirds/brain/index.html
http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=cr...u&sa=X&ei=-HKLTYj-HZCLhQeG8_mmDg&ved=0CC0QqwQ
The crow finds a nut and places it on a busy road. The crow waits for a car to run over the nut and break the shell. The crow then hops down by the crossing and waits for a human to press the button. Once the light changes and the cars stop moving, the crow hops into the road and collects the exposed nut flesh. An act that tales imagination, creativity, intelligence, forethought, obdervation and planning. And which the corvids have been able to communicate to each other enough that this has becoem a regular behaviour for them - a way for them to access protein that would normally be impossible for them to manage.
*EDIT* This is also awesome (same link)
I do not believe that we are uniquely sentient or intelligent. I believe that this is more wondrous and awe-inspiring than thinking we're the only ones. Especially when I read stuff like that.[FONT=verdana,arial,helvetica,sans-serif][SIZE=-1]The woodpecker finch, a bird of the Galapagos, is another consummate toolmaker. It will snap off a twig, trim it to size and use it to pry insects out of bark. In captivity, a cactus finch learnt how to do this by watching the woodpecker finch from its cage. The teacher helped the pupil by passing a ready-made spine across for the cactus finch to use. [/SIZE][/FONT]
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